Raja PLECI: WhitespaceFilter

Whitespace

Whitespace is used everywhere. It covers spaces, tabs and newlines. It is used to distinguish lexical tokens from each other and also to keep the source code readable for the developer. But in case of HTML over network, whitespace costs bandwidth and therefore in some circumstances also money and/or performance. If you care about the bandwidth usage and/or the money and/or performance, then you can consider to trim off all whitespace of the HTML response. The only con is that it makes the HTML source code at the client side almost unreadable.
You can trim whitespace right in the HTML files (or JSP or JSF or whatever view you're using, as long as it writes plain HTML response), but that would make the source code unreadable for yourself. Better way is to use a Filter which trims the whitespace from the response.
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Replace response writer

Here is how such a WhitespaceFilter can look like. It is relatively easy, it actually replaces the writer of the HttpServletResponse with a customized implementation of PrintWriter. This implemetation will trim whitespace off from any strings and character arrays before writing it to the response stream. It also take care of any
 and </span> tags and keep the whitespace of its contents unchanged. However it doesn't care about the CSS <span class="code">white-space: pre;</span> property, because it would involve too much work to check on that (parse HTML, lookup CSS classes, sniff the appropriate style and parse it again, etc). It isn't worth that effort. Just use <span class="code"><pre></span> tags if you want to use preformatted text ;)</p><br /><p>Note that this filter only works on requests which are passed through a servlet which writes the response to the <span class="code">PrintWriter</span>, e.g. JSP and JSF files (parsed by JspServlet and FacesServlet respectively) or custom servlets which uses <span class="code">HttpServletResponse#getWriter()</span> to write output. This filter does not work on requests for plain vanilla CSS, Javascript, HTML files and images and another binary files which aren't written through the <span class="code">PrintWriter</span>, but through the <span class="code">OutputStream</span>. If you want to implement the same thing for the <span class="code">OutputStream</span>, then you'll have to check the content type first if it starts with <span class="codevalue">"text"</span> or not, otherwise binary files would be screwed up. Unfortunately in real (at least, in Tomcat 6.0) the content type is set <i>after</i> the output stream is acquired, thus we cannot determine the content type during acquiring the output stream.</p><br />  <p>The stuff is tested in a Java EE 5.0 environment with Tomcat 6.0 with Servlet 2.5, JSP 2.1, JSTL 1.2 and JSF 1.2_06.</p><br /><br /><pre><span class="codecomment1">/*<br /> * net/balusc/webapp/WhitespaceFilter.java<br /> * <br /> * Copyright (C) 2007 BalusC<br /> * <br /> * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the<br /> * GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the<br /> * License, or (at your option) any later version.<br /> * <br /> * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without<br /> * even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU<br /> * General Public License for more details.<br /> * <br /> * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if<br /> * not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA<br /> * 02110-1301, USA.<br /> */</span><br /><br /><span class="codekeyword">package</span> net.balusc.webapp;<br /><br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> java.io.BufferedReader;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> java.io.IOException;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> java.io.OutputStreamWriter;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> java.io.PrintWriter;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> java.io.StringReader;<br /><br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> javax.servlet.Filter;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> javax.servlet.FilterChain;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> javax.servlet.FilterConfig;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> javax.servlet.ServletException;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> javax.servlet.ServletRequest;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> javax.servlet.ServletResponse;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;<br /><span class="codekeyword">import</span> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper;<br /><br /><span class="codecomment2">/**<br /> * This filter class removes any whitespace from the response. It actually trims all leading and <br /> * trailing spaces or tabs and newlines before writing to the response stream. This will greatly<br /> * save the network bandwith, but this will make the source of the response more hard to read.<br /> * <p><br /> * This filter should be configured in the web.xml as follows:<br /> * <pre><br /> * <filter><br /> *     <description><br /> *         This filter class removes any whitespace from the response. It actually trims all<br /> *         leading and trailing spaces or tabs and newlines before writing to the response stream.<br /> *         This will greatly save the network bandwith, but this will make the source of the<br /> *         response more hard to read.<br /> *     </description><br /> *     <filter-name>whitespaceFilter</filter-name><br /> *     <filter-class>net.balusc.webapp.WhitespaceFilter</filter-class><br /> * </filter><br /> * <filter-mapping><br /> *     <filter-name>whitespaceFilter</filter-name><br /> *     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern><br /> * </filter-mapping><br /> * </pre><br /> *<br /> * <b>@author</b> BalusC<br /> * <b>@link</b> http://balusc.blogspot.com/2007/12/whitespacefilter.html<br /> */</span><br /><span class="codekeyword">public</span> <span class="codekeyword">class</span> WhitespaceFilter <span class="codekeyword">implements</span> Filter {<br /><br />    <span class="codecomment1">// Constants ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span><br /><br />    <span class="codecomment1">// Specify here where you'd like to start/stop the trimming.</span><br />    <span class="codecomment1">// You may want to replace this by init-param and initialize in init() instead.</span><br />    <span class="codekeyword">static final</span> String[] <span class="codeconstant">START_TRIM_AFTER</span> = {<span class="codevalue">"<html"</span>, <span class="codevalue">"</textarea"</span>, <span class="codevalue">"</pre"</span>};<br />    <span class="codekeyword">static final</span> String[] <span class="codeconstant">STOP_TRIM_AFTER</span> = {<span class="codevalue">"</html"</span>, <span class="codevalue">"<textarea"</span>, <span class="codevalue">"<pre"</span>};<br /><br />    <span class="codecomment1">// Actions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span><br /><br />    <span class="codecomment2">/**<br />     * <b>@see</b> Filter#init(FilterConfig)<br />     */</span><br />    <span class="codekeyword">public</span> <span class="codekeyword">void</span> init(FilterConfig config) <span class="codekeyword">throws</span> ServletException {<br />        <span class="codecomment1">//</span><br />    }<br /><br />    <span class="codecomment2">/**<br />     * <b>@see</b> Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)<br />     */</span><br />    <span class="codekeyword">public</span> <span class="codekeyword">void</span> doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)<br />        <span class="codekeyword">throws</span> IOException, ServletException<br />    {<br />        <span class="codekeyword">if</span> (response <span class="codekeyword">instanceof</span> HttpServletResponse) {<br />            HttpServletResponse httpres = (HttpServletResponse) response;<br />            chain.doFilter(request, wrapResponse(httpres, createTrimWriter(httpres)));<br />        } <span class="codekeyword">else</span> {<br />            chain.doFilter(request, response);<br />        }<br />    }<br /><br />    <span class="codecomment2">/**<br />     * <b>@see</b> Filter#destroy()<br />     */</span><br />    <span class="codekeyword">public</span> <span class="codekeyword">void</span> destroy() {<br />        <span class="codecomment1">//</span><br />    }<br /><br />    <span class="codecomment1">// Utility (may be refactored to public utility class) ----------------------------------------</span><br /><br />    <span class="codecomment2">/**<br />     * Create a new PrintWriter for the given HttpServletResponse which trims all whitespace.<br />     * <b>@param</b> response The involved HttpServletResponse.<br />     * <b>@return</b> A PrintWriter which trims all whitespace.<br />     * <b>@throws</b> IOException If something fails at I/O level.<br />     */</span><br />    <span class="codekeyword">private</span> <span class="codekeyword">static</span> PrintWriter createTrimWriter(<span class="codekeyword">final</span> HttpServletResponse response)<br />        <span class="codekeyword">throws</span> IOException<br />    {<br />        <span class="codekeyword">return</span> <span class="codekeyword">new</span> PrintWriter(<span class="codekeyword">new</span> OutputStreamWriter(response.getOutputStream(), <span class="codevalue">"UTF-8"</span>), <span class="codekeyword">true</span>) {<br />            <span class="codekeyword">private</span> StringBuilder <span class="codeproperty">builder</span> = <span class="codekeyword">new</span> StringBuilder();<br />            <span class="codekeyword">private</span> <span class="codekeyword">boolean</span> <span class="codeproperty">trim</span> = <span class="codekeyword">false</span>;<br /><br />            <span class="codekeyword">public</span> <span class="codekeyword">void</span> write(<span class="codekeyword">int</span> c) {<br />                <span class="codeproperty">builder</span>.append((<span class="codekeyword">char</span>) c); <span class="codecomment1">// It is actually a char, not an int.</span><br />            }<br /><br />            <span class="codekeyword">public</span> <span class="codekeyword">void</span> write(<span class="codekeyword">char</span>[] chars, <span class="codekeyword">int</span> offset, <span class="codekeyword">int</span> length) {<br />                <span class="codeproperty">builder</span>.append(chars, offset, length);<br />                <span class="codekeyword">this</span>.flush(); <span class="codecomment1">// Preflush it.</span><br />            }<br /><br />            <span class="codekeyword">public</span> <span class="codekeyword">void</span> write(String string, <span class="codekeyword">int</span> offset, <span class="codekeyword">int</span> length) {<br />                <span class="codeproperty">builder</span>.append(string, offset, length);<br />                <span class="codekeyword">this</span>.flush(); <span class="codecomment1">// Preflush it.</span><br />            }<br /><br />            <span class="codecomment1">// Finally override the flush method so that it trims whitespace.</span><br />            <span class="codekeyword">public</span> <span class="codekeyword">void</span> flush() {<br />                <span class="codekeyword">synchronized</span> (<span class="codeproperty">builder</span>) {<br />                    BufferedReader reader = <span class="codekeyword">new</span> BufferedReader(<span class="codekeyword">new</span> StringReader(<span class="codeproperty">builder</span>.toString()));<br />                    String line = <span class="codekeyword">null</span>;<br /><br />                    <span class="codekeyword">try</span> {<br />                        <span class="codekeyword">while</span> ((line = reader.readLine()) != <span class="codekeyword">null</span>) {<br />                            <span class="codekeyword">if</span> (startTrim(line)) {<br />                                <span class="codeproperty">trim</span> = <span class="codekeyword">true</span>;<br />                                <span class="codeproperty">out</span>.write(line);<br />                            } <span class="codekeyword">else if</span> (<span class="codeproperty">trim</span>) {<br />                                <span class="codeproperty">out</span>.write(line.trim());<br />                                <span class="codekeyword">if</span> (stopTrim(line)) {<br />                                    <span class="codeproperty">trim</span> = <span class="codekeyword">false</span>;<br />                                    println();<br />                                }<br />                            } <span class="codekeyword">else</span> {<br />                                <span class="codeproperty">out</span>.write(line);<br />                                println();<br />                            }<br />                        }<br />                    } <span class="codekeyword">catch</span> (IOException e) {<br />                        setError();<br />                        <span class="codecomment1">// Log e or do e.printStackTrace() if necessary.</span><br />                    }<br /><br />                    <span class="codecomment1">// Reset the local StringBuilder and issue real flush.</span><br />                    <span class="codeproperty">builder</span> = <span class="codekeyword">new</span> StringBuilder();<br />                    <span class="codekeyword">super</span>.flush();<br />                }<br />            }<br /><br />            <span class="codekeyword">private</span> <span class="codekeyword">boolean</span> startTrim(String line) {<br />                <span class="codekeyword">for</span> (String match : <span class="codeconstant">START_TRIM_AFTER</span>) {<br />                    <span class="codekeyword">if</span> (line.contains(match)) {<br />                        <span class="codekeyword">return</span> <span class="codekeyword">true</span>;<br />                    }<br />                }<br />                <span class="codekeyword">return</span> <span class="codekeyword">false</span>;<br />            }<br /><br />            <span class="codekeyword">private</span> <span class="codekeyword">boolean</span> stopTrim(String line) {<br />                <span class="codekeyword">for</span> (String match : <span class="codeconstant">STOP_TRIM_AFTER</span>) {<br />                    <span class="codekeyword">if</span> (line.contains(match)) {<br />                        <span class="codekeyword">return</span> <span class="codekeyword">true</span>;<br />                    }<br />                }<br />                <span class="codekeyword">return</span> <span class="codekeyword">false</span>;<br />            }<br />        };<br />    }<br /><br />    <span class="codecomment2">/**<br />     * Wrap the given HttpServletResponse with the given PrintWriter.<br />     * <b>@param</b> response The HttpServletResponse of which the given PrintWriter have to be wrapped in.<br />     * <b>@param</b> writer The PrintWriter to be wrapped in the given HttpServletResponse.<br />     * <b>@return</b> The HttpServletResponse with the PrintWriter wrapped in.<br />     */</span><br />    <span class="codekeyword">private</span> <span class="codekeyword">static</span> HttpServletResponse wrapResponse(<br />        <span class="codekeyword">final</span> HttpServletResponse response, <span class="codekeyword">final</span> PrintWriter writer)<br />    {<br />        <span class="codekeyword">return</span> <span class="codekeyword">new</span> HttpServletResponseWrapper(response) {<br />            <span class="codekeyword">public</span> PrintWriter getWriter() <span class="codekeyword">throws</span> IOException {<br />                <span class="codekeyword">return</span> writer;<br />            }<br />        };<br />    }<br /><br />}</pre><br /><br />  <p><span class="code">WhitespaceFilter</span> configuration in web.xml:</p><br /><br /><pre><br /><br />    <span class="codetag"><filter></span><br />        <span class="codetag"><description></span><br />            This filter class removes any whitespace from the response. It actually trims all<br />            leading and trailing spaces or tabs and newlines before writing to the response stream.<br />            This will greatly save the network bandwith, but this will make the source of the<br />            response more hard to read.<br />        <span class="codetag"></description></span><br />        <span class="codetag"><filter-name></span>whitespaceFilter<span class="codetag"></filter-name></span><br />        <span class="codetag"><filter-class></span>net.balusc.webapp.WhitespaceFilter<span class="codetag"></filter-class></span><br />    <span class="codetag"></filter></span><br />    <span class="codetag"><filter-mapping></span><br />        <span class="codetag"><filter-name></span>whitespaceFilter<span class="codetag"></filter-name></span><br />        <span class="codetag"><url-pattern></span>/*<span class="codetag"></url-pattern></span><br />    <span class="codetag"></filter-mapping></span><br /><br /></pre><br />  <p>That's all, folks!</p><br /><br />      <h5><a href="#top">Back to top</a></h5><br /><br /><br />      <p class="note"><b>Copyright</b> - <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html" target="_blank">GNU General Public License</a></p><br />      <p class="update">(C) December 2007, BalusC</p><br /><div  oncontextmenu='return false;' onmousedown='return false;' onselectstart='return false;'>  <br /> Source:http://balusc.blogspot.com/2007/12/whitespacefilter.html<br></div>
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April
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Maret
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<span class='post-count' dir='ltr'>(112)</span>
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Januari
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<span class='post-count' dir='ltr'>(48)</span>
<ul class='posts'>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/effective-datatable-paging-and-sorting.html'>Effective datatable paging and sorting</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/validate-required-checkbox.html'>Validate required checkbox</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/styling-options-in-hselectonemenu.html'>Styling options in h:selectOneMenu</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/dao-tutorial-data-layer.html'>DAO tutorial - the data layer</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/what-is-it-with-roseindia.html'>What is it with roseindia?</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/uploading-files-with-jsf.html'>Uploading files with JSF</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/jsf-tutorial-with-eclipse-and-tomcat.html'>JSF tutorial with Eclipse and Tomcat</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/action-dependent-requireness.html'>Action dependent requireness</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/set-focus-and-highlight-in-jsf.html'>Set focus and highlight in JSF</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/validator-for-multiple-fields.html'>Validator for multiple fields</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/whitespacefilter.html'>WhitespaceFilter</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/multipartfilter.html'>MultipartFilter</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/populate-child-menu.html'>Populate child menu&#39;s</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/calendarutil.html'>CalendarUtil</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/dateutil.html'>DateUtil</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/fileutil.html'>FileUtil</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/objects-in-hselectonemenu.html'>Objects in h:selectOneMenu</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/generic-object-converter.html'>Generic object converter</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/fileservlet.html'>FileServlet</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/imageservlet.html'>ImageServlet</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/user-session-filter.html'>User session filter</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/post-redirect-get-pattern.html'>POST-Redirect-GET pattern</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/facade-post-by-get.html'>Facade POST by GET</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/jdbc-tutorial-dutch.html'>JDBC tutorial (Dutch)</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/generics-dutch.html'>Generics (Dutch)</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/dynamic-jsf-subviews.html'>Dynamic JSF subviews</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/debug-jsf-lifecycle.html'>Debug JSF lifecycle</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/bestandsbewerkingen-dutch.html'>Bestandsbewerkingen (Dutch)</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/parse-csv-upload.html'>Parse CSV upload</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/using-datatables.html'>Using datatables</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/collecties-en-mappen-dutch.html'>Collecties en mappen (Dutch)</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/datum-en-tijd-dutch.html'>Datum en tijd (Dutch)</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/db2-lower-bug.html'>DB2 LOWER() bug</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/data-conversies-dutch.html'>Data conversies (Dutch)</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/communication-in-jsf.html'>Communication in JSF</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/restore-tabbedpanel.html'>Restore tabbedpanel</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/pdf-handling.html'>PDF handling</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-uitvoeren.html'>Java tutorial - Uitvoeren</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-objecten.html'>Java tutorial - Objecten</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-foutenafhandeling.html'>Java tutorial - Foutenafhandeling</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-draaiboek.html'>Java tutorial - Draaiboek</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-toegangscontrole.html'>Java tutorial - Toegangscontrole</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-operatoren.html'>Java tutorial - Operatoren</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-datatypen.html'>Java tutorial - Datatypen</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-bouwstenen.html'>Java tutorial - Bouwstenen</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-elementen.html'>Java tutorial - Elementen</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-basics.html'>Java tutorial - Basics</a></li>
<li><a href='https://rajapleci.blogspot.com/2014/01/java-tutorial-all-dutch.html'>Java tutorial (all Dutch)</a></li>
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Rabu, 29 Januari 2014

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